Type-writing machine.



.(Ilo model.)

' Patented Apr. 15, I902. G. J. BARRETT. I 4 TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application filed June 12, 1900.)

3 Sheets-Sheet l.

No. 697;430. Patented Apr. l5, I902. a. J. BARRETT.

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Application filed June 12, 1900.)

3 Sheets-Sheet 2.

(No Model.)

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Witgesses:

1 Patented Apr. 15, I902. G. J. BARRETT. I

TYPE WRITING MACHINE.

(Afiplicstion filed June 12, 1900.1 7

' 3 Sheets-Sheet 3.

(No Model.)

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UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

GLENN J. BARRETT, OF GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN, ASSIGNOR TO THE FOX MACHINE COMPANY, OF GRAND RAPIDS, MICHIGAN.

TYPE-WRITING MACHINE.

SPECIFICATION forming part Of Letters Patent NO. 697,430, dated April 15 1902.

Application filed June 12, 1900. Serial No. 20,092. (No model.)

T 0 00H whont it new concern:

Be it known that I, GLENN J. BARRETT, a citizen of the United States, residing at the city of Grand Rapids, in the county of Kent 5 and State of Michigan, have invented certain new and useful Improvements in Typeriting Machines,of which the following is a specification.

This invention relates to improvements in i0 type-writers.

It relates more particularly to the escapement and to buffers or deadeners for use in connection with the carriage in relation to the escapement.

As heretofore constructed type-writers have not been adapted both for rapid use and for the use of the student or beginner.

It has been attempted to adapt type-writers for the use of the expert by what is known as the reverse feed, in which the carriage is released to move to the left on the downstroke of the key.

Such machines are not adapted for the use of the student who has not yet acquired speed, owing to the fact that when the machine is run slowly the movement of the platen on the type causes the letters to blur and the machine is soon injured. This invention is to overcome these objections and provide other improvements in connection.

The objects of the invention are, first, to provide an improved escapement which shall be adapted to either rapid use, as that of the expert, or use at a moderate rate, as by a student, securing a perfect movement of the carriage and perfect printing inboth instances; second, to provide improved means of insuring the prompt movement of the carriage to the left on completing the impressiomwhether the machine is operated rapidly or slowly; third, to provide an improved arrangement and form of the pawls of the escapement which will insure the retaining of the carriage at the exact point to which it is moved when the carriage is being returned or set at a particular point; fourth, to provide an improved construction of deadener or buffer to receive the jar and lessen the noise of the carriage when it is fed along by the escapement.

Further objects will definitely appear in the detailed description to follow.

I accomplish the objects of my invention by '5 5 of Figs. 4, 7, 8, and 9.

the devices, mechanism, and means described in this specification.

The invention itself is clearly defined and pointed out in the claims.

A structure embodying the features of my invention is clearly illustrated in the accom- I panying drawings, in which- Figure 1 is a detail plan view of the back portion of the type-writer, showing the back of the carriage and the escapement. Fig. 2 is a detail rear elevation of the parts appearing in Fig. 1. Fig. 3 is a detail sectional view of the structure, taken on a line corresponding to line 3 3 of Fig. 2, showing the general arrangement of the parts. Fig. 4: is an enlarged detail sectional view taken on a line corresponding to line 4 4 of Fig. 3, showing distinctly the relation of the dogs and rackbar. Fig. 5 is a detail sectional view on line Fig. (5 is a longitudinal enlarged detail sectional view through the buffer or deadener, taken on line 6 6 of Fig. 3. Figs. 7, S, and 9 are detail views showing the movement and operation of the escapement in use, the rack-bar and lock-stop being shown in dotted lines. Fig. 10 is an enlarged detail perspective View of the pivoted dog of the'escapement with the lockingdog thereon. Fig. 11 is an enlarged detail perspective view of the rigid dog of the escapement, which, however, is pivoted on a vertical pivot to swing laterally to facilitate adjustment of the carriage. Fig. 12 is an enlarged detail perspective view of a portion of the rack-bar D. Fig. 13 is'a detail sectional view on line 13 '13 of Fig. 14, showing a modified construction of the escapement. Fig. 14 is a similar sectional view taken on line 14 14 of Fig. 13. Figs. 15, 16, 0 and 17 are detail plan views showing the position and operation of the modified structure of the escapement. Fig. 18 is an enlarged detail perspective view of the pivotal dog of the modification. Fig. 19 is an enlarged de- 5 tail perspective view of the locking-dog in the said modification.

In the drawings all of the sectional views are taken looking in the direction of the little arrows at the ends of thesection-lines, and

similar letters of reference refer to similar parts throughout the several views.

Referring to the lettered parts of the drawings, A indicates the main frame of the machine, which is provided on its top with the usual ways, with ball-races for receiving the type-writer carriage B, the back portion of which is shown. Suitable brackets B B are on this carriage, between which is pivoted the rod 0, which carries the arms 0 O, to which is secured the rack-bar D. This rod 0 is secured, by means of the pivot-screw a, at the left-hand end, which is secured bya suitable lock-nut. At the right-hand end a similar screw a is provided, which has a reduced inner portion a, (see Fig. 6,) havinga shoulder between it and the screw part. The reduced portion a extends into the end of the rod (1 and serves as a pivot therefor. Next to the shoulder is a washer e of leather, rubber, or other elastic or fibrous material.

6 is a metallic washer fitting against the end of the rod 0, so that the jar and noise incident to the release of the escapement is by this means greatly relieved and almost ontirely avoided.

A lever D is connected to the rack-bar D to raise the same. A spring 0 holds the rackbar down to position. To the top ofthe frame A, I secure the plate H by suitable screws. This plate extends up and is bent at right angles and divided into two parts extending to each side of the dog-block. To this plate H is secured a pivot-arm I on the pivot r at one end and the cars 11 H containing set-screws n. for adjustment at the opposite end. A catch or stop Iis provided to engage thelockdog G of the escapement.

The dog-block E is secured to a rock-shaft E, which is carried on suitable pivots A A on the frame A. This rock-shaft is provided with the arm L at each end, to which rods L are secured, which extend downwardly and are connected to a transverse common bar under the key-levers at that point. The rods L are held normally upward by the tension of a coiled spring.

The pivot-dog G is pivoted atj to the dogblock E and is held toward the right-hand side of the machine by a pin h, actuated by spring 7/, and its motions are limited and its position adjusted by screwsff, situated to each side thereof. The upper end of this pivot-pawl is provided with a locking-dog G, which extends upwardly above the top of the plate H and is arranged so that when it is drawn forward in a straightline that it will engage with the stop I.

The rigid dog is pivoted to the dog-block E on the vertical pivot c and extends toward the right of the machine and is held normally toward the rack by the plunger or spring-pin (Z, which is held out by spring rl and appears distinctly in Fig. 5. The engaging portion F of the dog is beveled from the back side toward the front and from the top side downward toward the left of the machine, so that it presents a pyramidal appear" ance, with the base of the pyramid'toward the right hand of the machine. This is situated so that it engages within the rack when the machine is at rest and releases the same when the keys are actuated to pull the arms L downward and allows the pivoted dog to engage the rack and the escapement to take place. Owing to the shape of the dog Fit engages the rack when acting as a rigid dog of the escapement and will when it is desired to move the carriage, owing to the sloping back of the engaging portion F and the pawl being pivoted, as indicated, move freely and instantly engage the rack when the motion of the carriage ceases.

The engaging portion of the dogs of the escapement are arranged to stand normally in practically the same plane transverse to the rack and are so situated that when the keylever is depressed gradually, that on the rigid pawl becoming disengaged, the carriage will be passed to the pivot-dog G, which will allow it to move forward to the left one step. This, however, in my preferred adjustment is never accomplished in this way in the operation of the machine, for when any key of the type-writer is struck with sufficient force to throw it to the printing position the movement of the dog is so rapid that the lock-dog G engages the stop I and prevents the carriage moving until the return motion of the common bar beneath the key-levers takes place namely, on releasing the key depressed. WVhen a slow operator or a student operates the machine, each key will be depressed to the limit, so that the lock-dog G will be pushed to the depth of the stop. \Vith a slightly more rapid operator this lockdog will not be pushed so far, and with a very rapid operator the adjustment may be such that it may not be brought into engagement with the stop I at all, the momentum of the type-bar actuating the escapement mechanism; but in each instance, with a slow operator or a rapid operator, the cscapement will not take place until after the printing occurs. It will thus be seen that if operated by a rapid operator or by a student who operates the keys very slowly that the escapement occurs at the proper time to secure the best results and that by this device all the blurring of the letters is avoided in rapid operation and that clear printing is also secured when the operation of the machine is slow, owing to the fact that the carriage will not move in either instance until the impression or printing takes place. The several movements are clearlyindicated in Figs. 7, 8, and 9. In Fig. 7 the position of the cscapement-dogsisas illustrated at the point where the rigid dog is withdrawn from the rack. It will be noted that at that point the lock-dog G does not engage the stop I. Adjustment may be such that if the rocking of the escapement be stopped at this point, as with a quick stroke, the rack will swing the dog to the position indicated in Fig. 8. However, in ordinary work the rocking of the escapement mechanism does not stop at this'point, but dog G advances with sufficient speed, so that G becomes engaged with I and the carriage is held against movement until the dog G retreats far enough to become disengaged with the stop I.

In Figs. 13 to 19 I show a modification of this structure in which the special stop I is dispensed with and a locking-dog G is substituted for the locking-dog G. The remaining portions of the escapement are constructed the same as in the main figures. The locking-dog G is secured adjust-ably to the swinging dog-block E. It is slotted, as distinctly appears in Fig. 19, so that it can be adjusted to moveinto engagement with the rack D after the pivot-dog G is moved into engagement with the same. This dog is so adjusted that when the dog-block E is moved quickly the full length of the stroke it engages one of the teeth of the rack-bar and prevents the advance of the carriage until the dog-block is moved back a little distance, releasing the same and allowing it to move the pivoted dog of the escapement. It will thus be seen that a tooth of the rack-bar each time serves the same purpose as the locking-stop I, and by theadjustment of this lock-dog G back and forth and by the adjustment of the pivot-pawl all the results are accomplished which are accomplished in the main structure, though this device causes more wear on the rack-bar; but this is not objectionable, as the wear is not perceptible; but even should the wear on the rackbar be serious that part can easily be replaced.

I have thus described one modifiation of my invention and beg to remark that a locking-dog positioned to engage and hold the carriage after the key has been depressed may be arranged in various positions. It need have no particular location in relation to the escapement, and the particular form of the escapement is not essential, so long as the carriage is free to move when the lock-dog disengages, except that it be positioned to retain the carriage when the key is depressed until the beginning of the return movement, when it will allow the carriage to move to the left and so permit the escapement at the proper time, and will always insure perfect printing no matter at what speed the machine is operated.

I do not wish to confine myself to rocking the dog-block. The dog-block may be fixed upon the carriage and the rack pivoted. on the main frame and rocked instead.

The pivoting of the dog which serves as a rigid dog in the escapement permits the carriage to be freely moved in adjusting the same in position and is of great advantage in that it permits perfect freedom in manipulation of the carriage, and owing to the special structure which stops it at the particular space at which it is moved it is of very great practical advantage.

The invention having thus been described, what is claimed as new, and desired to be secured by Letters Patent, is-

1. In a type-writing machine, the combination of the main frame A; a carriage B adapted to reciprocate thereon; a rock-shaftG with a suitable buffer at one end; a rack-bar- D connected to saidrock-shaft O by suitable.

arms; a rock-shaft E with arms L, L, thereon having connections L, L, to the finger-keys below to be actuated thereby; a dog-block E;

a dog F on said dog-block adapted to engage in a fixed plane transverse to said rack-bar; a pivoted dog G having a locking-dog G attached thereto; a plate H secured to the frame A of said machine and arranged to extend horizontally over the oscillating dog-block; and an arm I which is pivoted at r and, adj ustable between set-screws at, n, and ears H, H, on said plate H; and a stop I positioned to engage the said locking-dog G whenthe dog-block is actuated by depressing a key, all coacting substantially as described for the purpose specified.

2. In a type-writing machine the combination of the main frame A; a carriage B adapted to reciprocate thereon; a rock-shaft O; a

rack-bar Dvconnected to said rock-shaft O.

by suitable arms; a rock-shaft E-With arms L, L, thereon having connections L, L, to the finger-keys below to be actuated thereby; a dog-block E; a dog F on said dog-block adapted to engagein a fixed plane transverse to said rack-bar; a pivoted dog G having a locking-dog G attached thereto a plate H secured to the frame A of said machine and arranged to extend horizontally over the oscillating dog-block; and an arm I which is pivoted at r and adjustable between set-screws n, n, .and ears H H on said plate H; and a,

stop I positioned to engage the said lockingdog G when the dog-block is actuated by pressing a key, all coacting substantially as described for the purpose specified.

3. In a type-writer the combination of a carriage; a rack-bar; a dog-block; connections to the keys to operate thesame; a dog normallyengaging the rack-bar ina fixed plane transverse thereto; a pivoted dog to be moved into engagement withsaid rack-bar having suitable stops to limit its motion; an adjustable stop carried by the type-writer frame; and a locking-dogattached to said pivoted dog to'be thrown into engagement with said stop when completing the stroke of the escapement mechanism to lock the carriage until the return movement thereof, for the purpose specified.

4. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage; means of putting the same under tension; an escapement mechanism.

therefor, a dog insaid escapement mechanism fixed in reference to the forward movement of the carriage and its connection; a vibrating dog movable in the direction of the movement of the carriage; a locking-dog,

timed to engage the escapement mechanism and prevent the forward movement of the carriage only when a key is depressed to sub stantially the end of its stroke whereby the carriage will feed only when the key is in a partially-depressed position, either on the up or down stroke.

5. In a type-writing machine, the combination of a carriage; means of putting the same under tension; an escapement mechanism therefor, a dog in said escapement mechanism fixed in reference to the forward movement of the carriage and its connection; a vibrating dog movable in the direction of the movement of the carriage; a laterally-adj ustable locking-dog timed to engage the escape ment mechanism and prevent the forward movement of the carriage only when a keyof the machine is depressed to substantially the end of its stroke whereby the carriage will feed only when the key is in a partially-depressed position, either on the up or down stroke.

6. In a type-writing machine, the combination of the main frame of the machine; the carriage adapted to reciprocate thereon; a rack-bar carried by said carriage; an escapement consisting of a dog engaging in a fixed plane transverse to said rack-bar that normally engages the same and a dog pivoted to swing in the direction of said rack-bar; a locking-dog carried by said pivoted dog; a stop supported by the frame of the machine to be engaged by said dog; and suitable connections to the keys of the machine for actuating said escapement mechanism and throwing the dog into engagement with the stop whereby the escapement mechanism will act to release the carriage from normally engaging dog on the downstroke of the keys and the locking-dog to prevent the movement of the carriage until the return movement of the escapement mechanism, all coacting-for the purpose specified.

7. In a type-writing machine the combination of the main frame; a carriage adapted to reciprocate thereon; a rack-bar carried by said carriage; an escapement consisting of a dog engaging in a fixed plane transverse to said rack-bar, that normally engages the same and a dog pivoted to swing in the direction of said rack-bar; a locking-dog positioned and timed to lock the carriage after the oymration of the escapement; suitable connection to the keys of the machine for actuating the escapement and throwing the locking-dog into engagement whereby the escapement will act to release the carriage on the downstroke of the keys, and the dog will prevent the movement of the carriage until the return movement of the escapement begins, coacting for the purpose specified.

S. In a type-writing machine the com bination of the main frame of the machine; a type-writer carriage reciprocating thereon; a rock-shaftsupported on said carriage; a rackbar carried by said rock-shaft; a suitable escapement for the said rack-bar; and a deadener at the end of said rock-shaft consisting of a screw a having a pivot a thereon, with a shoulder between a washer c of leather or similar material, and a metallic washer c between the said rod and washer e.

9. In a type-writing machine, having a carriage under tension, an escapement for controlling the movement thereof, comprising a rack and dogs cooperating therewith, said dogs being so arranged to allow a forward movement of the carriage during the depression of the linger-keys; and a lock positioned and timed to engage and lock the carriage against such forward movement, when the finger lever or key approaches the limit of its movement.

10. In a type-writing machine having acarriage under tension, an escapement for controlling the movement thereof, comprising a rack and dogs cooperating therewith, said dogs being so arranged to allow a forward movement of the carriage during the depression of the finger-keys; and a lock positioned and timed to engage and lock the carriage against such forward movement when the finger lever or key approaches the limit of its movement; and means for adjusting said look so as to lock the carriage at any point of the completing depression ofsaid linger-key, substantially as described.

In witness whereof I have hereunto set my hand and seal in the presence of two witncsscs.

GLENN .I. llARRlCT'l.

\Vitncsses:

\VILLIAH C. llonn'rz, G'no. K. McMunmcN.

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